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Evaluation Overview of Cylinder Head Remanufacturing
Remanufacturing can save up to 75% of the cost of a new replacement component.
To create an overview of the results and findings from the life cycle assessment, a life cycle evaluation framework is generated to provide an easy overview of the cylinder head life cycle and the Cast Iron Welding Services remanufacturing process, the life cycle inventory of each life cycle stage, and the key findings from each life cycle stage.
Three Key Categories in Marine Remanufacturing Assessment
The framework is divided into three categories: life cycle stages, key activities for each life cycle stage, and the corresponding end outcome from each life cycle stage. The life cycle stage includes cylinder head manufacturing, the Cast Iron Welding Services remanufacturing process, the five sensitivity scenarios, and cylinder head disposal for the end-of-life strategy. The key activities identify the key elements from the inventory analysis including key components or key component groups, key processes, and key information for each life cycle stage. The end outcome identifies the outcome findings from both the inventory analysis and the impact assessment for each individual life cycle stage, including product outcome, calculated carbon footprint, the potentially avoided production of a specific component or product, and possible precautions to be taken in relation to model sensitivity.
The life cycle evaluation is presented in table 10 below
| Life cycle stage | Key activities | End outcome |
|---|---|---|
| Cylinder head manufacturing | Manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Manufacturing of cylinder head
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product New cylinder head Carbon footprint 7,601 kg CO2 eq. Most contributing parameter Processing of cast iron |
| Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -6,924 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head Most contributing parameter Transportation |
| SA1 Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing with +20% electricity use | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -6,888 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head |
| SA2 Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing with -20% electricity use | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -6,960 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head |
| SA3 Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing with steel welding rods | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -7,020 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head |
| SA4 Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing with EU transportation | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Energy use, infrastructure, and machinery
Transportation estimation
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -6,996 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head |
| SA5 Cast Iron Welding Services cylinder head remanufacturing modelling framework test | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Modelling robustness check
| Product Remanufactured cylinder head Carbon footprint -7,004 kg CO2 eq. Avoided product New cylinder head |
| Cylinder head disposal | Indirect manufacturing of cylinder head subcomponents
Cylinder head remanufacturing
Modelling robustness check
| Product Scrap cast iron Scrap steel Carbon footprint 140.4 kg CO2 eq. |
| Totals |
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Table 10 – Life cycle evaluation framework for the cylinder head and CIWS remanufacturing process incl. all sensitivity scenarios
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